History Of Fuerteventura

The Guanches

Prior to any European invasion, Fuerteventura was originally occupied by pagans. They were primitive people, whose origins are largely unknown, thought to have inhabited the island around 200 BC. These early settlers are commonly known as ‘Guanches’, ancient ancestors of the people living there today. Studies of prehistoric remains and linguistics suggest that these people arrived from North Africa. There are many similarities between the ancient language of the Guanches and the language used by the Berbers in North Africa.

The Guanches were very rustic and lived a basic lifestyle. They existed on fish, milk, cheese and goats’ meat and mainly lived in caves. These caves have recently been discovered along with very early tools and pottery. Historians believe that the Guanches lived in a polygamous society, with every woman having an average of three husbands. They were spiritual people who held pagan rituals and ceremonies high up in the surrounding mountains; ancient engravings and symbols have been found on Mount Tindaya.

The Middle Ages

In 1408, Juan de Bethencourt of Spain conquered Fuerteventura. He had conquered neighbouring Lanzarote in 1404, so it was only a matter of time before Fuerteventura fell to his armies. He built a hermitage, which formed part of St Mary’s Church in Betancuria and can still be seen today. Betancuria was the old capital of Fuerteventura, named after Juan de Bethencourt.

By the middle of the 15th century, the local inhabitants led a revolution against Spanish rule, as they were being treated like slaves. The revolt was unsuccessful and their last attempt at regaining any control.

The Spanish retained unchallenged rule over the island until 1740, when English armies attempted to invade Fuerteventura. They were however defeated in the Battle of Tamasite. The local armies were so ferocious that the English retreated in fear.

Modern times

Fuerteventura has remained under Spanish control since the English attack and until the 1980s it was a very quiet island. In the 1960s, General Franco began to allow tourists into the Canaries. However, Fuerteventura did not become a popular holiday destination until two decades later.

Today, the island is thriving and lively. It consists of six towns: La Oliva, Puerto del Rosario, Betancuria, Antigua, Tuineje and Pajara. Industries include goat farming, cheese-making and fishing; however, the biggest industry is tourism.

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