History of Phuket

The island of Phuket has a rich history which dates back to 1025 AD. Phuket was originally called Junk Ceylon, which is the name seen on almost all old maps.

Ancient empires

Phuket was on the route between India and China, and was where seafarers would stop for shelter and rest before continuing on their journey. The island was part of the Shivite Empire that settled on the Malay Peninsula during the first millennium AD. Throughout the next few years, Phuket became part of the Srivichai and Sin Tahm empires.

During the Sukothai Period (1249 to 1438), Phuket was associated with what is now known as the Phang-nga Province. The Dutch established a trading post here in the Ayuthaya Period (1350 to 1767) and the island's northern and central regions, which were governed by the Thais, were given over to the tin trade.

Burmese attacks

After Ayuthaya was destroyed by the Burmese in 1767, the country was in turmoil, with no one stepping forward to lead. This period of unrest was ended by King Taksin, who drove out the Burmese and re-unified the country. The Burmese, however, were not going to leave quietly. They organised a fleet to raid the southern provinces and take the people away to become slaves in Burma. This led to Phuket's most infamous historic event.

Two heroines

Francis Light, a passing sea captain, sent word that the Burmese were on their way to attack. Forces in Phuket were immediately gathered together and led by two soon-to-be heroines, Kunying Jan and her sister Mook. After one month of battle, the Burmese were forced out in March, 1785. Kunying Jan and her sister received total credit and recognition for the successful defence.

In recognition, King Rama I honoured Kunying Jan with the title ‘Thao Thep Kasatri’, a title of nobility usually reserved for royalty, and her sister became ‘Thao Sri Suntorn’.

Immigrants and provinces

Throughout the 19th century, Chinese immigrants arrived in huge numbers to work the tin mines. It was not long before the island's interior became predominantly Chinese, while the areas on the coast remained largely populated by Muslim fishermen.

In 1933, with the change from an absolute monarchy to a parliamentary governmental system, the island was granted provincial status and soon began to develop at a rapid rate.

Recent times

In recent years, Phuket has become a popular tourist resort, attracting holiday makers from across the world. It is extremely popular with people who are looking for a holiday away from the usual European destinations.

In December 2004, Phuket was hit by a tsunami. Thousands died and much of the popular Patong Beach and other areas were destroyed. The debris has since been cleared and the locals are adapting to life after the devastation. Most of the island is running as it did before the tsunami and it is still attracting tourists in their droves.